|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||
|
|
 1. GENERAL USEVerbs conjugated in this section are of the same meaning as those suffixed with "mashoo(=Let us;I will)" in SECTION 2 on the CARD. EX. Ano kissa-ten de koohii-o no-moo. - SECTION 8 Ano kissa-ten de koohii-o no-mi mashoo. - SECTION 2 (=Let us drink a cup of coffee at the coffee shop.) Those formed through SECTION 8 are simple forms those suffixed with "mashoo" in SECTION 2.As is often the case with other simple forms such as "no-nda(=drink)",this simple form is rude when it is used at the end of a sentence.However,it is not rude but often advisable to use it in the middle of a sentence. EX. Yuu-shoku ni pasta-o tsuku-roo. - RUDE (=Let's make pasta for dinner.) Tanaka-san-ni ashta denwa-shi-yoo ka. - RUDE (=Shall we call Mr.Tanaka tomorrow?) Atode tabe-yoo to Abe-san-wa i-i-mashta. - ADVISABLE (=Mr.Abe said: "Let's eat later".) Rai-nen Mexico e i-koo to omo-i-mas. - ADVISABLE (=I think I will go to Mexico next year.) - ｔo the TOP  2. SECTION 8 + "TO SURU(=DO)"（ be about to - TIME; try to - MEANS )By adding "to suru(=do)" to a verb conjugated through SECTION 8,we can make the two meanings,"time" and "means". EX. Dekake-yoo to shta toki,jishin-ga oki-mashta. (=An earthquake occured when I was about to leave home.) Chuu-shoku-o tabe-yoo to shta toki,Noda-san-ga ki-mashta. (=When I was about to have lunch,Ms.Noda came.) Sakana-o ya-koo to shte( or ya-koo to shta toki ),yubi-o ya-ki-mashta. (=Trying to roast( or When I tried to roast) fish,I burned my finger.) Glass-o ara-woo to shte( or ara-woo to shta toki ),kowa-shi-mashta. (=Trying to wash ( or When I tried to wash ) the glass,I broke it.) In sentences like the above first and the second examples,in which emphasis is placed only on time,we can not use the type of "dekake-yoo to shte(=trying to leave home)" and "tabe-yo to shte(=trying to eat)" which stress means. In the third and the fourth examples,we can put emphasis in two ways;that is,one on time and the other on means.Accodingly,there are two forms of expression in Japanese as well as English. - ｔo the TOP  3. SECTION 8 + "TO(=THAT) OMO-U(=THINK)" (One thinks that one will
・・ )EX. Atarashi-i paso-kon-o ka-woo to omo-i-mas. (=I think I will buy a new personal computer.) Ken-ni hon-o kae-su yoo ni denwa-shi-yoo to omo-i-mashta. (=I thought that I would call Ken so as to return my book.) - ｔo the TOP  4. SECTION 8 + "TO(=THAT) I-U(=SAY)" ( One says: "Let us ・・・ )There is no distinction in Japanese between direct and indirect speeches.You will find no difference between the two translations in Japanese in the following examples: EX. Okada-san-ni speech-o suru yoo ni tano-moo to Wada-san-wa i-i-mas. (=Mr.Wada says: "Let's ask Mr.Okada to make a speech.) (=Mr.Wada says that we will ask Mr.Okada to make a speech.) Aoki-san-wa eki de Yano-san-ni a-tta to i-i-mashta. (=Mr.Aoki said: "I met Ms.Yano at the station.") (=Mr Aoki said that he had met Ms.Yano at the station.) - ｔo the TOP  5. SECTION 8 + "TO" + SECTION 2 + "MAI TO" ( whether
or not )For the negative of "mashoo(=Let's)" ,we use "mai" mentioned in SECTION 2 .When it is suffixed to a verb,however,the conjugation is not definite.For nstance,some say "i-ki mai" and others "i-ku mai".We use "i-ku" rather than "i-ki". EX. Ken-ga i-koo to i-ki( or i-ku ) mai to( or ga ), watashi-wa kama-i-masen. (=I don't care whether Ken will go there or not.) Tetsuda-woo to tetsuda-u mai to, Aoki-san-wa shippai-suru deshoo. (=Whether or not we help him,Mr.Aoki will fail.) We also have another expression for this as follows: EX. Ken-ga itte mo i-ka nakute mo,watashi-wa kama-i-masen. (=I don't care even if Ken goes there or even if he does not go.) Abe-san-ga kite mo ko nakute mo,juu-ji ni kaigi-o hajime-mas. (=Whether or not Ms.Abe comes,we will open the meeting at 10.) Crdit de ka-woo to genkin de ka-woo to,nedan-wa onaji des. Credit de ka-tte mo genkin de ka-tte mo,nedan-wa onaji des. (=Whether you buy it on credit or in cash,the price will be the same.) - ｔo the TOP |
||||||||||||||||
